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No. 568,765. Patented Apr. 21, 1896.

INVENTOH A TTORN'E YS.

HYGIENIG CHAMBER.

No 558,765. Patented Apr. 21, 1896.

INVENTOH fiadar M By- J A TTOHNE rs.

AN DREW 8 GRAHAM.PMOTO-UTNQWASNINGI'DMRC.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

.A. TRELLES BLANGO. HYGIBNIG CHAMBER. I

A TTOHNEYS- v ANDREW BYGRAHAMIPNOTOUTHEWASHINGTOMJQ nricn.

AMADOR TRELLES BLANCO, OF HAVANA, CUBA.

HYGIENIC CHAMBER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 558,765, dated April21, 1896. Application filed April 26, 1895. Serial No. 547,259. (Nomodel.) Patented in Spain February 6, 1898,1To. 13,958.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LAMADOR TRELLES BLAN- G0, a subject of the King ofSpain, residing in Havana, Cuba, have invented a new and ImprovedHygienic Chamber, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in Spain,dated February 6, 1893, No. 13,958,) of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description.

The object of this invention is to provide a chamber in which a sickperson may be readily separated from other persons, and to provide meanswhereby the air within the said chamber may be constantly renewed andbrought to any desired degree of temperature and humidity, and alsomoistened or mixed with antiseptic or aromatic substances, thus securingthe best conditions possible for the efficacious treatment of variousdiseases, particularly infectious diseases.

To these ends myinvention consists in the novel arrangement andcombination of parts, as hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar figures and letters of referenceindicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure l is a front elevation of my improved hygienic chamber with partsin section. Fig. 2is a side elevation of the same with parts in sectionon the lines a a, of Figs. 1 and 4. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan taken,essentially, on the line b b of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a top view of theapparatus.

On the top of the chamber are supported a series of devices throughwhich the air is passed before being admitted to the said chamber.

A is ablower, preferably of the centrifugal type, provided with a casing1 and a fan 2 on the shaft 3, the driving-belt being indicated at 4. Theair enters the casing 1 through a pipe 5, which may extend through theroof of the building, and is delivered through the pipe 6.

B is a purifier, which consists of a hermetically-closed casingconnected to the pipe 6 and provided in its interior with a series ofpartitions 7, the shape of which will be seen best in Fig. 2, the saidpartitions consisting of two layers of wire-cloth inclosing between thema cotton wad or some equivalent absorbent material. The cotton or likesubstance is impregnated with a disinfectant liquid or any othersubstance that is capable of retaining or destroying bacteria andimpurities. Between these double walls of wire I arrange baffle-boards8, which compel the air to travel in a sinuous path, as indicated by thearrows in Fig. 1, the air finally reaching the outlet-tube 9.

C is a heater which, as shown, is of cylindrical shape, and has an outercovering of wood 10 and two metallic shells 11 and 12 within the same.Said shells are spaced apart, and a bottom 13 is located in the lowerpart of the heater, and on the said bottom is supported a chimney 14. Ahorizontal partition 15 ex tends from the inner shell to the chimney,and thus forms an inner chamber 16 around the chimney, while a chamber19 surrounds the chamber 1 6. Suitable filling-tubes 17 and 18 lead intothe upper portions of the annular chambers 19 and 16, respectively, andin operation the chamber 19 is filled with water.

A burner 20 is located in the base of the heater, and it will beunderstood that the heat evolved from the said burner will heat the airwhich is discharged from the tube 9 into the chamber 16 and also thewater which is contained in the chamber 19. Thus the air while passingthrough the heater will be brought to the proper temperature. It is tobe understood that during this heating of the air the filling-tubes 17and 18 are normally closed.

Should it be desired to impart to the air a greater degree of humiditythan it has when it arrives at the heater, the water-chamber 19 isconnected with the air-chamber 16, in the manner shown in Fig. 1, byplacing a rubber tube 21 on one of the filling-tubes 17 and thefilling-tube 18. In this case the steam evolved from the water willenter the chamber 16 and there be mixed with the air. The air being thuspurified and heated, and also moistened, if required, passes out throughthe pipe 22 into the saturator D. This apparatus is constructedsimilarly to the purifier B and contains two or more vertical boxes orcasings 23, and said casings support a series of boxes 24, in which areplaced aromatic substances, either solid or liquid, so that the air,

which, by means of baffle-boards or partitions 25, is compelled totravel in asinuous course, will become saturated with the saidsubstances. The air then passes to the condenser E, provided with aninlet-tube 26 and an outlet-tube 27. The condenser consists of a seriesof tanks 28, each provided in its upper part with an opening, throughwhich it may be filled with water or ice. Baflie-boards 29 are alsoemployed in this apparatus for the same purpose as heretofore stated.

The air while traveling through this apparatus will be free of anyexcess of moisture, as the cool walls of the water-tanks 28 when comingin contact with the heated air will cause a condensation of the vaporcontained therein.

It will be understood that the moistening arrangements described withreference to the heater 0 and the condenser E are not employedconjointly-that is, when the air delivered at the pipe 9 has not asufficient degree of moisture the deficiency of moisture is supplied bythe heater in the manner described, and the condenser remains inactive,no water or ice beingfilled into the tanks 28. On the other hand, if theair delivered at the pipe 9 is too moist the connection between thechambers 16 and 19 of the heater C is cut off and the condenser E isused to free the air of the excess of moisture. The water ofcondensation in the condenser E is collected in drip-pans 30, located atthe bottom of the condenser, and said drip-pans are preferably connectedto a tube 31, provided with a condensed-water trap. By testing the waterof condensation with sulfuric acid the purity of the air can be readilyascertained.

The air from the pipe 27 passes into the chamber F. At the sides of theeondenserE are located gasometers G for supplying oxygen to the air incase the delivery of oxygenated air to the chamber is desired.gasometers, as illustrated in Fig. 2, are provided with cocks-32 and.33, leading into the dome 34, which, as usual, dips into the watercontained in-the jacket 35. The cook 32 is employed for admitting oxygeninto the gasometer, while the cook 33 controls the communication of thegasometer with the pipe 27. In this manner oxygen will be suppliedtogether with the purified air, and the amount supplied may be regulatedeither by opening the cook 33 more or less, or by regulating thepressure by using greater or less weight on the dome 34.

The chamber F is provided with outlets 36 for the air, and, if desired,tubes may be connected to said outlets, so as to conduct the air to'anyplace where the germs of diseases that may be contained therein can bedestroyed. The chamber is provided with a door 37, having glass panes38, and also has windows 39, so as to admit light to the interior of thechamber. Under one of the windows is located a small door 40, adjacentto which is arranged a rotatable tray, which also The is located closeto the bed of the sick person, so that articles may be passed into thechamber and out of the same without creating a draft and withoutaffording the germs of diseases an opportunity of spreading to theoutside of the chamber.

My invention also contemplates the provision of means whereby thetemperature within the chamber may be regulated. This device is shown atthe right-hand portion of Fig. 1, and the particular construction of thewalls of the chamber will be seen best in Fig. 3. The said chamber hasan outer wall 41, of wood, and within the same a layer of cork 42. Thencomes another wooden wall 43, and on the inside thereof is arranged aseries of metallic tanks 44, which preferably all communicate with eachother. 45 (see Fig. 4) indicates two apertures for filling the saidtanks 44 with water.

If it is desired to maintain a cool temperature within the chamber, thetanks 44 are filled with cool water or ice or some refrigeratingmixture, and I have found by experiments that the particularconstruction of the chamber prevents the equalization of the exteriorand interior temperature during a comparatively considerable length oftime, and in one case I found that while there was an initial differenceof 15 centigrade between the outside and inside temperature there stillwas a difference of 6 after twenty-four hours.

IVhen-it is desired to heat the air within the chamber, I employ thestove II, (shown in Fig. 1,) said stove being substantially of the usualconstruction, containing a water heater or boiler, which may be coveredwith wood, as shown, and is connected to the tanks 44 through the mediumof pipes 46. IVhen the water has been heated to the desired temperature,a very moderate heat will be sufficient to preserve this temperature.

It is understood that with the exception of the openings 36 the chamberis closed as hermetically as possible, so that the sick person isperfectly isolated. The vitiated air eseaping through the tubes may, asabove mentioned, be conducted to the outside of the building, and in thecase of infectious diseases may be disinfected.

At the side of the chamber is located a small door 47, which givesaccess to a privy located in the chamber, so that the said privy mayreadily be disinfected from the outside of the chamber. The patient maybe seen from outside the chamber and conversation may be carried on bymeans of speakingtubes.

It will be observed that my invention pro vides means for keeping thechamber permanently heated or cooled to any temperature that may berequired, and, furthermore, the air which is constantly delivered intothe chamber, so as to be constantly renewed there in, is of such acondition as to not only facilitate the recovery of the patient, butdiminish ICC the risk of contagion and the unpleasantness of breathingthe air of a sick-room by all persons, such as physicians and nurses,that may be compelled to remain with the patient for a greater or lesslength of time. The air delivered into the chamber, as described, isentirely pure, having been freed in the purifier 13 from dust, bacteria,and other injurious bodies generally suspended therein. Furthermore, theair, by means of the heater 0 or the condenser E, has been given theright degree of humidity to make it readily respirable, and, finally, bythe use of the saturator D the air may be laden with various substancesthat may be of assistance in curing the disease under treatment, or inthe case of diseases in which a disagreeable odor is exhaled from thepatient the air may be saturated with disinfecting or other substancesthat will partly or entirely destroy the said odor. The addition ofoxygen to the air Will also have a curative effect in certain cases.

It will be seen that I am enabled by the use of myimproved hygienicchamber to place the patient under the most favorable conditions for hisspeedy recovery and to maintain such conditions for any desired lengthof time; further, that the patient may be perfectly isolated from hissurroundings, and, lastly, that the persons whose duty it is to staywith the patient will have this duty made as little unpleasant aspossible, and in the case of contagious diseases will be protected to alarge extent from infection.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. A device for heating and moistening air,comprising an inner shell 12, forming an airchamber 16, and providedwith inlet and outlet pipes 9, and 22, respectively, for the air,

and outer shell 11, surrounding the inner shell, to form an annularwater-chamber 19, a heating device 20, below the shells, and aconnection 21, from the water-chamber to the air-chamber, whereby thesteam or Vapors evolved in the water-chamber maybe admixed with the airin the air-chamber, substantially as described.

I 2. A device for heating and moistening air, comprising an air-chamber16, provided with inlet and outlet pipes 9, and 22, respectively, awater-chamber 10, arranged contiguous to the air-chamber and having onewall 12, in common therewith, a heating device 20, located in operativerelation both to the airchamber and to the water-chamber, andaconnection 21, from the water-chamber to the airchamber,whereby thesteam or vapors evolved in the water-chamber may be admixed with the airin the air-chamber, substantially as described.

3. 'A device for heating and moistening air comprising a base adapted tocontain a heat ing device 20, a chimney 14, extending up wardly from thebase, an inner shell 12, surrounding the chimney above the base andforming an air-chamber 16, inlet and outlet pipes 9 and 22, respectivelyconnected with said chamber, an outer shell 11, surrounding the innershell, to form therewith an annular Water-chamber 19, and means forconnecting the top of the water-chamber to the air-chamber, whereby thesteam or vapors evolved. in the Water-chamber may be admixed with theair in the air-chamber, substantially as described.

AMADOR TRELLES BLANCO.

lVitnesses:

J OSEPH A. SPRINGER, ADOLFO SANCHEZ DOLZ.

